![]() Its effect on glucose uptake was mediated partly via a ∂-opioid receptor. β-Endorphin itself was more potent in increasing glucose uptake in contracting muscles than noncontracting muscles. In addition β-endorphin, glycylglutamine, and the MPF analog stimulated glucose uptake in isolated skeletal muscles. Furthermore, β-endorphin can be released by electrical stimulation of motoneurons, and POMC mRNA is upregulated in vivo in chronically stimulated motoneurons. β-Endorphin, glycylglutamine, and the MPF analog also reduced fatigue in isolated muscles stimulated at high frequency via the motor nerve. β-Endorphin(1–31), β-endorphin(1–27), glycylglutamine, and the stabilized synthetic melanotrophin-potentiating factor (MPF) analog, N-acetyl-Lys-D-Lys-Sar-Glu, all increased the contractile response in isolated muscles of the rat. Plasma β-endorphin has a number of actions on the periphery during exercise. ![]() It has been reported to mediate the euphoria experienced in pro longed exercise and to inhibit postexercise pain. Β-Endorphin is released from the pituitary into the blood during stress and exercise. ![]() SMITH, in Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides, 2006 Exercise and Stress ![]()
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